The savanna or sudan climate is a transitional type of climate found between the equatorial forest and the trade winds hot deserts. It is confined within the tropics and is best developed in the sudan where the dry and wet seasons are most distinct, hence its is named sudan climate. Llanos in oronocco basin and campos of the Brazilian Highlandare two types of climate.
Rainfall: In the Northern Hemisphere, the hot, rainy season normally begins in May and lasts until September, as in Kano, Nigeria. The rest of the year is cool and dry. In the southern hemisphere, the rainy season is from October to March. Its annual precipitation is 32 inches.
Temperature: The extreme diurnal range of temperature is the characteristic of Sudan climate. Maximum temp reaches to 380C in daytime and reaches to 150C during Night time.
Winds: The prevailing winds of the region are the trade winds. They are strongest in the summer but are relatively by the time they reach the continental interiors or the western coasts of the continents, so that grass and scattered short trees predominate. Local winds name Harmattan meaning doctor. It is so dry that its relative Humidity seldom exceeds 30%.
Natural Vegetation : Tall grass and short trees. The term Parkland or bush veld perhaps describe the land scape better. The trees are deciduous, shedding their leaves in the cool, dry season to prevent excessive loss of water through transpiration, e.g. acacias. Trees are mostly hard, gnarled and thorny and may exude like gum Arabic. Palms are confined to the wettest areas or along rivers. The grass is tall and coarse, growing 6 to 12 feet high.
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